What is an Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS)?
Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) is essential for providing continuous power for computers and other electronic devices. It acts as a backup to ensure an uninterrupted power supply during power outages, surges, sudden voltage drops, and other related issues.
Single Phase vs Three Phase UPS
UPS systems come in the following two formats: Single-Phase and Three-Phase.
Single-Phase UPS
A single-phase UPS has a single input and output of 240V (120V AC for Canada and the U.S.). A single-phase installation consists of two wires where the AC voltage is a single sine wave.
Three-Phase UPS
The three-phase UPS can be subdivided into the following two types – Three-phase input/three-phase output(3/3) UPS system and a three-phase input/single-phase output(3/1) UPS system. For a three-phase power supply, you need a UPS system with a 3/x configuration. A 3/1 UPS takes in 3-phase power but delivers a single phase to the downstream load while a 3/3 UPS not only takes in but also delivers 3-phase power.
How does a UPS work?
A UPS system consists of three components – a Battery, a Converter, and an Inverter.
The battery stores energy. the converter converts AC power to DC power and the inverter changes the DC power back to AC power so that the latter can be used by our home appliances.
Whenever there is a power outage or any major electrical supply issue, the UPS system takes over and provides power and safety to the home or office appliances.
Benefits of UPS
Following are the two benefits of keeping a reliable UPS system for your home or office setup:
Reliable Power Backup
The primary benefit of UPS is that they offer a reliable and continuous power source in the event of a power outage, allowing connected equipment to keep running until the main power source is restored.
Protects Electrical Equipment
Apart from acting as a power backup, UPS systems also aim to protect sensitive equipment from issues like sudden power surges, brownouts (opposite of a power surge), and other electrical disturbances by offering a consistent quality power supply.
Types of UPS
The most common types of UPS systems available in the market are Offline UPS systems, Online UPS systems, Line Interactive UPS, and Double Conversion UPS systems.
Offline UPS system
This UPS system provides basic protection from power outages. It’s used to provide short-term backup power in the event of a power interruption.
Online UPS systems
This UPS offers the highest levels of protection by continuously monitoring the input power to provide a continuous power supply in case of a power outage.
Line interactive UPS systems
This UPS is designed to protect home appliances from both power outages and electrical disturbances. They are a hybrid of online and offline UPS systems.
Double conversion Online UPS systems
A double-conversion online UPS converts power twice. It works by converting power from AC to DC and then back to AC. This is the only UPS system that provides power with zero transfer time to the battery, making it ideal for sensitive equipment.
How to select the best quality UPS?
While selecting a UPS for your home or office, it’s important to consider the following factors to get the best possible results out of your investment:
- Power requirements of the connected equipment,
- Size of the equipment,
- Amount of runtime needed, the environment in which the UPS will be installed, and
- Budget available
Additionally, the type of UPS should also be considered, as different UPS systems offer different features and levels of protection.
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